Clinical Analysis of Placental Growth Factor and Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 in Serum on the Severity of Preeclampsia

© 2025 by the Authors. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

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Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the differences in the expression of Placental Growth Factor (PLGF) and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) in serum and their clinical significance in the severity of preeclampsia. Methods: This study selected 58 preeclampsia patients who underwent prenatal check-ups and gave birth in our hospital from September 2021 to September 2023 as the observation group. Based on the severity of their condition, they were divided into a mild group (n = 38) and a severe group (n = 20). Additionally, 795 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal check-ups in the hospital during the same period were included as the control group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between serum sFlt-1 and PLGF expression and the severity of preeclampsia. Results: The observation group had higher sFlt-1 and lower PLGF levels compared to the control group. The severe group had higher sFlt-1 levels and lower PLGF levels compared to the mild group. The 24-hour urinary protein level was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between 24-hour urinary protein quantification and serum sFlt-1 levels and a negative correlation with PLGF expression in preeclampsia patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of sFlt-1 and PLGF in serum is closely related to the severity of preeclampsia, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for assessing the severity of preeclampsia.

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