Chronic schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by long duration and severe functional impairment. Long-term hospitalized patients often exhibit social function deterioration, exacerbation of negative symptoms, and decreased quality of life due to isolation from the social environment and monotonous life. While medication alone can effectively improve positive symptoms, it fails to enhance social function and long-term prognosis. Occupational and recreational therapy promotes the maintenance of cognitive and behavioral abilities through structured activity training, while psychosocial intervention focuses on social adaptation and role function reshaping. The combination of these two approaches offers a new practical direction for comprehensive rehabilitation of long-term hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia, holding significant importance for optimizing rehabilitation strategies and improving patients’ quality of life.