Background: Zhenwu Tang is a typical Chinese medicinal preparation for the treatment of viral myocarditis (VMC) with remarkable clinical efficacy in alleviating symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, and fatigue in some patients, and reducing the frequency of episodes. Nonetheless, the exact mechanism by which it acts remains unclear. This research employed network pharmacology to investigate the therapeutic impact of Zhenwu Tang’s relevant targets on VMC, along with molecular docking validation. Methods: The primary components of Zhenwu Tang and their respective targets were sourced from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and the UniProt database, GeneCards and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases were used to identify targets related to VMC. Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to evaluate the common ‘Zhenwu Tang-VMC’ targets. Using Cytoscape software, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, ‘compound-target-pathway’ network, and ‘target-organ’ network were developed, and their network parameters were thoroughly examined. The interactions between core targets and active compounds were evaluated and validated by molecular docking. Results: A total of 93 targets of Zhenwu Tang active compounds and 2,243 VMC-related targets were screened, and 37 Zhenwu Tang-VMC common targets were obtained. DO analysis of these 37 common targets indicated that the “Zhenwu Tang-VMC” common targets showed high enrichment in respiratory system diseases. According to the molecular docking results, 60 VMC ligand-receptor pairs and 47 respiratory-associated VMC ligand-receptor pairs had binding energies lower than -7 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The present study suggests that Zhenwu Tang is a promising Chinese medicinal preparation for the treatment of viral myocarditis, especially respiratory-associated viral myocarditis. Our illustration of the particular molecular mechanism of Zhenwu Tang against VMC and its potent active compounds offers a theoretical foundation for further basic experimental validation, clinical translation, and application.