Against the backdrop of urban cultural tourism consumption upgrading, Scene Theory builds a practical analytical framework for spatial optimization based on amenities and their three primaries plus fifteen sub-value dimensions. This paper elaborates the theory’s core connotation, components and value system, and explains how matched amenities and value dimensions produce spatial cultural meaning. It further compares Scene Theory with four mainstream spatial theories–Place Theory, Experience Economy Theory, Spatial Production Theory and Placemaking Theory–to analyze their divergences in research perspectives, logic and practical applications, as well as their shared ground and complementary merits. The research finds that unlike traditional spatial theories, Scene Theory boasts strong design operability, fulfills economic, cultural, social, and emotional demands of cultural tourism blocks, and enables comprehensive spatial quality assessment.