In the digital intelligent era, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and higher education has become a core direction for the teaching reform of computer majors in universities. Traditional teaching modes for university computer majors are plagued by outdated curriculum content, rigid teaching frameworks, insufficient practical training scenarios, inadequate personalized education, and single evaluation mechanisms, which fail to meet the demands of cultivating high-quality computer talents in the digital age. Based on the current teaching status of computer majors in higher education institutions, this paper explores diversified application scenarios where AI technologies facilitate theoretical instruction, practical training, personalized tutoring, and teaching research innovation. Combined with frontline teaching practices, it analyzes the strengths and existing dilemmas of AI-assisted teaching, and proposes systematic practical strategies covering scenario optimization, technical specification formulation, and faculty competency improvement. This study constructs an “AI + Computer Major” intelligent teaching paradigm, reshapes talent cultivation paths, elevates teaching quality and educational outcomes, and delivers practical references for the digital teaching reform of computer majors in universities.