As China’s educational reforms deepen, the policy to break the “Five Only” evaluation mechanism has emerged, aimed at overcoming the over-reliance on single evaluation indicators such as publications, projects, and awards. This study focuses on the training modes for postgraduate students in electronic information disciplines. By comparing and analyzing existing training modes both domestically and internationally, it proposes pathways to optimize the training modes for postgraduate students majoring in electronic information under the context of breaking the “Five Only” policy. The results indicate that diversified training objectives, innovative course settings, and teaching methods, enhanced scientific research training and practical components, a diversified and scientific evaluation system, and the construction and development of the teaching staff are effective ways to improve the quality of training for postgraduate students majoring in electronic information fields.