Given the rapid development of the data science field, college personnel training is facing new challenges and opportunities. This paper focuses on the “Introduction to Data Science” course, an in-depth exploration of the teaching reform of data courses. With the optimization of curriculum settings, innovation, and reform of teaching methods and other measures, the study focuses on case design, effectively promotes the deep combination of theory and practice, and integrates machine learning algorithms and Python programming language, to effectively improve students’ comprehensive literacy. In addition, this paper also discusses the cross integration of mathematics and data science, to provide a valuable reference for the transportation of high-quality talents in the flourishing era of numerical intelligence.