To address issues such as data fragmentation, low visualization, and delayed early warning in traditional bridge construction monitoring, an intelligent monitoring system for bridge construction that integrates BIM (Building Information Modeling) and IoT (Internet of Things) technologies is proposed. Firstly, the core application requirements and technical challenges of BIM and IoT technologies in the field of bridge engineering are outlined. Secondly, a four-tier architecture system consisting of the “perception layer–transmission layer–data layer–application layer” was constructed, with a focus on explaining the functional modules, hardware selection, and software integration solutions at each level to achieve real-time collection, dynamic modeling, and intelligent analysis of key parameters such as structural stress, settlement, temperature, and equipment operational status during the construction process. Finally, based on an actual bridge engineering project, system application verification is conducted. By comparing the application effects of traditional monitoring methods with those of the intelligent monitoring system, the feasibility and superiority of the system in enhancing construction monitoring accuracy, efficiency, and safety management capabilities are validated.