Drilling fluid is an important construction technique in the drilling engineering. However, because of the influence of present situation of domestic drilling geological, drilling fluid has not yet been paid sufficient attention. During the construction process, there is not enough professional personnel and apparatus, the fluid recipes are in mess, and they can’t meet different kinds of formations, which cause that the efficiency of the drilling work is low and accidents in the hole happens frequently. This passage which is based on the characteristics and principles of quality control in each section of drilling fluid studies on the quality control, the system composition and how to ensure quality in details. It is also hoped to have the certain value and significance for the future quality control of drilling fluid.