Objective: To explore the effect of online-to-offline (O2O) education combined with the peer education management model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Using convenience sampling, 72 patients with COPD who were hospitalized in the respiratory medicine department of a tertiary-level hospital from March to December 2021 were selected as study subjects. Randomized grouping was carried out using the random number table method, the control group was given routine COPD health education in the department, and the intervention group applied O2O trinity health management combined with peer education on the basis of routine care. After 6 months of follow-up after discharge, the two groups were observed and compared for changes in pulmonary function, depression status, self-care ability, and quality of life. Results: At 3 and 6 months after the intervention, the lung function indexes and depression status of the two groups of patients improved significantly, and the improvement effect was more significant in the intervention group (P < 0.05); after the intervention, the self-care ability scores of the patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the quality-of-life scores of the two groups of patients decreased at 3 months after discharge, in which the quality-of-life scores in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: O2O education combined with the peer education management model can effectively improve the lung function of patients with COPD, depression, self-care ability, and quality of life.