This paper focuses on the teaching reform of “Chemical Instrumentation and Automation” under the background of the integration of specialization and innovation. Currently, the course faces several problems, such as teaching content lagging behind the needs of industrial intelligence, rigid teaching models with weak practical innovation, and insufficient innovative literacy and engineering capabilities of teachers. The research points out that teaching reform is the core path to cultivate innovative chemical engineering talents, meet the intelligent development of the industry, and enhance the professional competitiveness of universities. To this end, countermeasures are proposed, including reconstructing a three-step curriculum system of “basic theory + cutting-edge technology + innovative application,” building a “teaching-practice-innovation” teaching model and a diversified practical platform, strengthening the construction of a “double-qualified” teaching team, and improving an innovation-oriented comprehensive evaluation system. The aim is to realize the in-depth integration of professional education and innovative education, and deliver compound practical talents for the transformation and upgrading of the chemical industry.