Objective: To analyze the impact of maternal-infant separation on the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients and explore the clinical efficacy of targeted nursing interventions.  Methods: A total of 80 high-risk pregnancy patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects. These patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group (40 cases each) using a random number table. The control group received routine high-risk pregnancy nursing care, while the observation group received specialized maternal-infant separation nursing interventions in addition to routine care. The psychological and physiological states and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.  Results: The SAS scores, SDS scores, and sleep quality scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the initiation time of lactation was significantly earlier than that in the control group, with both differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (80% vs. 32/40), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).  Conclusion: Maternal-infant separation exacerbates anxiety and depression in high-risk pregnancy patients, reduces sleep quality, increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, and delays the initiation of lactation. Specialized nursing interventions for maternal-infant separation can improve the physical and mental state of high-risk pregnancy patients, reduce the incidence of postpartum complications, and enhance nursing satisfaction, making them worthy of clinical application and promotion.