Objective: Comprehensively review the latest progress of nasal basal filling technology in materials science and surgical approaches, and provide personalized treatment strategies from the perspective of evidence-based medicine based on large sample clinical data. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1268 patients who underwent nasal base filling surgery in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2025. These patients were divided into the hyaluronic acid group based on different filling materials, with 386 patients in this group. The autologous adipose stem cell gel group, also known as SVF-gel group, had 272 patients, the pre formed expanded polytetrafluoroethylene group, also known as ePTFE group, had 315 patients, the autologous rib cartilage group had 214 patients, and the 3D printed polyetheretherketone group, also known as PEEK group, had 81 patients. Compare the aesthetic effects, incidence of complications, and patient satisfaction of each group at 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Result: All patients underwent a follow-up period of 6 to 84 months. At 24 months after surgery, the aesthetic effect rate was 97.53% in the PEEK group, 92.52% in the rib cartilage group, 88.25% in the swelling group, 65.44% in the SVF gel group, and 41.71% in the hyaluronic acid group. The overall incidence of complications was 3.70% in the PEEK group, 6.35% in the swelling group, 8.88% in the rib cartilage group, 12.13% in the SVF gel group, and 15.54% in the hyaluronic acid group. Conclusion: The 3D printed PEEK prosthesis has the best long-term stability and the lowest incidence of complications when used for correcting severe bony nasal base depression. Standardized surgical procedures and personalized material approach matching strategies are key to improving surgical outcomes and reducing complications.