Objective: To investigate the effects of different follow-up systems in China and Germany on ventilator therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Method: From March 2013 to October 2015, three hundred patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and those who are suitable for ventilator treatment were followed up according to the follow-up system of both China and Germany. The follow-up was carried out for one year to compare the rate of loss to follow-up, ventilator therapy compliance, treatment effect, ventilator side effects and others in the two groups of patients. Statistical analysis was performed using x² test, P<0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results: The rate of loss to follow-up in the German group was lower than that in the Chinese group. The compliance of the German group with respiratory therapy was lower than that of the Chinese group. The side effects of ventilator treatment were lower than those in the Chinese group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The German follow-up system is more effective than the Chinese follow-up system in improving the compliance and effectiveness of ventilator therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.