This study aims to investigate the clinical effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Through a systematic review and analysis of relevant literature, the study evaluates the effects of TCM on nerve function recovery, regulation of oxidative stress responses, and its combination with Western medicine. Findings reveal that Chinese medicinal formulations, such as Danshen decoction and Naoxintong, significantly improve NIHSS scores, reduce ischemic lesion areas, and lower oxidative stress marker levels in patients. These formulations exhibit unique advantages in modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, and their integration with Western medicine enhances therapeutic efficacy while reducing adverse reactions. The effectiveness of TCM prescriptions offers a novel clinical approach for managing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes the advancement of integrated Chinese-Western treatment strategies. Further research is required to elucidate the precise mechanisms of TCM formulations to facilitate their broader clinical application.