Objective: To explore the effect of a comprehensive nursing model on patients with Moyamoya disease who underwent intracranial and extracranial revascularization surgery. Methods: 110 cases were divided into control and observation groups with 55 cases each. The control group received routine perioperative care, and the observation group received perioperative care along with comprehensive nursing care. The two groups’ disease cognition levels, anxiety, symptoms, daily living ability scores, and postoperative complication rates were compared. Results: The anxiety score and total postoperative complications of the observation group upon discharge were lower than that of the control group, and the disease cognition level and daily living ability upon discharge were higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Applying the comprehensive nursing model in conjunction with perioperative care for patients undergoing surgery can effectively improve their anxiety, strengthen activities of daily living, and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.