Research Progress on the Efficacy and Safety of Different Basal Insulins in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

© 2024 by the Authors. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different basal insulins in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: The current research progress on different basal insulins was evaluated, with efficacy indicators including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and safety indicators focusing mainly on weight change and the incidence of hypoglycemia. Results: Several different basal insulins showed similar metabolic control effects in terms of fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin. However, the risk of hypoglycemia was lower with insulin glargine 300 (Glar-300), insulin degludec 100 (Deg-100), and insulin degludec 200 (Deg-200) compared to insulin glargine 100 (Glar-100). Additionally, Glar-300 had the least impact on weight. Conclusion: For the treatment of T2DM, different basal insulins have similar therapeutic effects, but there are differences in the incidence of hypoglycemic events and their impact on weight. Rational insulin selection and dosage adjustments should be made based on the different patient groups.

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