Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and endovascular stenting have become very important methods for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis and vertebrobasilar artery stenosis. In this case, the patient suffered from balloon rupture during the operation, with the tip of the balloon catheter retained and fixed on the stent in the subclavian artery segment, and subsequent acute ischemic stroke complicated by balloon rupture and retention. This is a rare type of device and operation-related complication. Through this case, a detailed analysis of the faults and deficiencies in the diagnosis and treatment of balloon rupture during interventional surgery is conducted, in order to provide a reference for solving similar problems.