Objective: To investigate the current situation of nurses’ lack of nursing care in southern Xinjiang and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select 1476 nurses from two tertiary hospitals in Kashgar from May 2022 to December 2022 as the subjects of a cross-sectional survey. The nurses in southern Xinjiang were investigated by general information questionnaire and nursing deficiency scale-nurse version. Results: A total of 1476 valid questionnaires were collected in this study. The score of nurses’ lack of care in southern Xinjiang was (56.05 ± 9.36), which was above the middle level. Among them, the scores of timely responses to call bells, view patient medical records, fully understand their own patient’s condition, and provide emotional support for patients and/or family members were relatively low. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the scores of nurses’ age, nurses’ level, nursing career satisfaction and nursing job satisfaction (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the occupational satisfaction and nursing job satisfaction of nursing staff were the main factors affecting the lack of nursing work (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The lack of nursing care of nurses in southern Xinjiang is at the upper middle level. The younger the age, the lower the satisfaction of nursing profession and the lower the satisfaction of nursing position, the more serious the lack of nursing care. In order to solve this problem, nursing managers should actively respond to the influencing factors of nursing absence and actively seek effective management measures to reduce the incidence of nursing absence and ensure the safety of patients.