Objective: To evaluate the value of rehabilitation nursing based on mind mapping model combined with psychological intervention for patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods: A total of 60 patients with NS who visited our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as samples and randomly divided into groups. The observation group received rehabilitation nursing based on the mind mapping model combined with psychological intervention, while the control group received routine intervention. The differences in emotional scores, self-care ability scores, compliance, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, while the self-care ability scale (ESCA) score was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The compliance rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The complication rate of NS in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Rehabilitation nursing based on the mind mapping model combined with psychological intervention can enhance self-care ability, reduce negative emotions, and reduce complications in NS nursing, which is efficient and feasible.