Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease that severely affects patients’ quality of life. Current clinical treatments primarily rely on medication, with limited rehabilitation options and uncertain efficacy. Home-based exercise rehabilitation, as a non-pharmacological therapy, can promote the improvement of respiratory muscle function and cardiopulmonary endurance, exerting a positive preventive effect on COPD. However, due to factors such as the home environment and lack of health knowledge, COPD patients face numerous difficulties in accepting home-based exercise rehabilitation. This article reviews domestic and international research on the feasibility and effectiveness of home-based exercise rehabilitation for COPD, aiming to provide references for medical workers to better implement home-based exercise rehabilitation for COPD, assist patients in performing rehabilitation exercises at home, improve their quality of life, reduce hospitalization rates, and lower medical costs.