Objective: To investigate the application effect of the concept of rapid rehabilitation surgery in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. Method: Seventy laparoscopic surgery patients treated in our gynecology department from May 2023 to May 2024 were selected and divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received rapid recovery surgery on the basis of the control group. Record and compare the incidence of incision infection, urinary retention, lung infection and other related complications between the two groups of patients with different nursing modes; Record and compare perioperative indicators such as surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, first exhaust time, first time out of bed, and hospital stay between two groups of patients using different nursing modes. Result: There were significant differences in perioperative indicators such as the incidence of complications, surgical time, intraoperative bleeding volume, first exhaust time, first time out of bed, and hospital stay between the two groups under different nursing modes. The data scores of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of the concept of rapid recovery surgery in perioperative nursing of gynecological laparoscopic surgery patients has significant effects, which can effectively promote postoperative recovery, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve nursing satisfaction. This model has scientific validity, feasibility, and promotional value, and can provide new ideas and methods for perioperative management of gynecological laparoscopic surgery.