In recent years, driven by the Industry 5.0 wave, precision mechanical manufacturing is accelerating its evolution toward ultra-precision, intelligence, and unmanned operation, posing unprecedented, stringent requirements for precision control, efficiency improvement, and cost optimization in the manufacturing process. As a core carrier of in-depth integration of artificial intelligence and industrial automation, AI visual inspection technology, with its advantages of non-contact inspection, real-time response, and adaptive learning, has gradually replaced traditional manual inspection and conventional machine visual inspection. It has become a key technical support for addressing pain points such as micro-defect identification, adaptation to complex working conditions, and full-process quality control in precision mechanical manufacturing. In this regard, this paper first analyzes the application scenarios of AI visual inspection technology in precision mechanical manufacturing automation, and then expounds the development trends of its applications in this field, to provide a reference for relevant researchers.