This paper takes the national railway ticketing system as the research object, and studies the role of data assets in the operation and maintenance retrospective analysis under the network security control situation. Comprehensively sort out the overall scheme of network security operation and maintenance of the railway passenger ticket system, and focus on the significance of data assets with asset accounts as the core in operation and maintenance management, including important links such as asset modeling, status monitoring, log correlation, and fault tracing. Based on this premise, this paper studies the data collection, correlation analysis, and retrospective analysis technology for security operation and maintenance, and explains the supporting significance of the data asset entity model and relationship model to improve the efficiency of fault location and security event analysis. Research and summarize the practical experience of data asset management, operation, and maintenance, and provide a reference for data asset management of other major information infrastructures in network security operation and maintenance.