Aiming at the problems of poor adaptability and insufficient fault prediction of traditional mechanical automation control systems in complex working conditions, a mechanical automation control system based on artificial intelligence is designed. This design integrates expert control, fuzzy control, and neural network control technologies, and builds a hierarchical distributed architecture. Fault warning adopts threshold judgment and dynamic time warping pattern recognition technologies, and state monitoring realizes accurate analysis through multi-source data fusion and Kalman filtering algorithm. Practical applications show that this system can reduce the equipment failure rate by more than 30%. With the help of intelligent scheduling optimization, it can significantly improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption, providing a reliable technical solution and practical path for the intelligent upgrade of the mechanical automation field.