To investigate the application of virtual digital technology in landscape engineering design, the study adopted the enumeration survey method and observation method. It conducted a comprehensive analysis of the current status and existing challenges of virtual digital technology in landscape engineering design. Additionally, the study provided a detailed description and explanation of the integration between virtual digital technology and landscape engineering design, while exploring its characteristics and application prospects. The findings revealed: (1) In the early design stage, technological integration enhanced design efficiency. The collaborative use of BIM, GIS, and parametric tools enabled a fully digital workflow from conceptual design to construction drawings, reducing design errors and shortening project timelines. (2) After implementation, interactive experiences revolutionized public engagement. AR/VR technologies introduced dynamic interactivity to landscapes, while metaverse platforms expanded the presentation dimensions of virtual landscapes. (3) Smart maintenance promoted sustainability. IoT sensors and AI analytics facilitated real-time plant health monitoring and precise resource management, demonstrating significant advantages. The study identified existing limitations and proposed future directions, aiming to provide new theoretical and practical insights for the research and application of digital technology in landscape engineering design.