Perimenopause syndrome refers to the syndrome of the disorders of multiple systems of women around menopause caused by the reduction in secreted estrogen and is also known as menopause syndrome. Its pathogenesis involves increasing age, the abatement of ovarian function, and psychological change caused by the increasing life pressure. The above factors lead to physical and mental changes in postmenopausal women. This paper summarizes the pathogenesis of perimenopause from the perspective of gene studies and existing experimental studies and provide some ideas for clinical treatment and research.