Amid the deepening implementation of rural revitalization strategies and rapid fintech development, rural commercial banks—core financial institutions serving agriculture, rural areas, and farmers (the “three rurals”) and county economies—have seen their tellers’ service quality and operational efficiency directly impact market competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities. This study examines teller performance management in rural commercial banks from a business management perspective. By analyzing structural issues in existing performance management systems and integrating theoretical frameworks with industry case studies, it proposes systematic optimization measures. The research aims to provide practical references for establishing scientific and efficient teller performance management systems in rural commercial banks, thereby enhancing service quality, strengthening talent support, and better serving the rural financial market.