Agricultural and rural modernization serves as an important foundation of Chinese-style modernization, as well as a core measure to solve unbalanced urban-rural development and inadequate rural development. As a major agricultural province in North China, Hebei Province acts as a core guarantee zone for food security, ecological security, and agricultural product supply in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Promoting agricultural and rural modernization bears great strategic significance for regional high-quality development. Based on the actual development of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers in Hebei Province, this research follows the principles of scientificity, systematicity, regionality, and forward-lookingness, and constructs an evaluation system for agricultural and rural modernization containing 3 primary indicators, 7 secondary indicators, and 17 tertiary indicators covering economy, society, and ecology. It systematically analyzes the current situation and prominent weaknesses of agricultural and rural modernization in Hebei Province. Combined with provincial development characteristics, this paper builds a high-quality development path adapted to Hebei from six dimensions including technological empowerment, industrial integration, talent cultivation, digital governance, urban-rural coordination, and green development. It provides a practical reference for Hebei Province to accurately judge the progress of rural construction, formulate differentiated revitalization policies, and make up for rural development shortcomings.