Integrity is not only a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation but also the cornerstone of the operation of the market economy. However, dishonest practices such as financial fraud still occur from time to time, which seriously erodes the foundation of market credit. Accountants and financial professionals are deeply involved in economic activities and are responsible for ensuring the quality of information. Their professional ethics directly affect whether the economic information is true and reliable, and it is related to whether the market economy can operate healthily. Moreover, new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data are profoundly changing the operation mode of the social economy and the form of financial accounting work. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to further strengthen the construction of professional ethics in the accounting industry. This article systematically discusses the significance and implementation paths of strengthening the construction of accounting professional ethics within the context of integrity culture, in response to the current frequent occurrence of financial fraud incidents and the ethical challenges brought by new technologies. The article holds that integrity culture constitutes the foundation and value core of accounting professional ethics, and the two promote each other and grow together. The key to strengthening accounting professional ethics lies in achieving the organic unity of institutional constraints, concept guidance, and behavioral norms, thereby enhancing the public trust of enterprises and the image of the accounting industry, promoting the professional growth of accounting personnel, and consolidating the credit foundation of the market economy.