In the post-poverty alleviation period, the focus of China’s poverty alleviation work has also shifted from single-dimensional poverty to multi-dimensional poverty. This study uses panel data from the western region from 2014 to 2019, uses the entropy method to calculate the multi-dimensional poverty index, constructs an econometric model, and uses Stata software to conduct an empirical analysis of the multi-dimensional poverty influencing factors in the western region. The research results show that regional differences are one of the important factors affecting multi-dimensional poverty, and e-commerce participation has an important impact on the alleviation of multi-dimensional poverty. To this end, this article puts forward suggestions for increasing financial investment, cultivating core talents, paying attention to regional differences, and supporting poverty alleviation industries.