This study focuses on the key issue of college students’ employability and introduces the SCT model for in-depth analysis. By elaborating on the connotation and elements of the SCT model, the study analyzes the current status of college students’ employability in terms of professional skills, communication and collaboration, and career planning. Based on the SCT model, strategies are proposed to enhance the employability of college students from the perspectives of strengthening self-efficacy, optimizing expected outcomes, and improving environmental factors. The aim is to provide useful references for alleviating the employment difficulties of college students and promoting the improvement of employment guidance work in universities.