With the advancement of urbanization, available land is becoming more and more scarce and difficult to develop. The underground engineering through the mountains has become an important choice in the process of urbanization construction. In the process of new tunnel construction in the city, there are more and more proximity projects. Especially in the core urban areas, there are more and more existing houses that will be involved, so how to protect the safety of existing housing structures has been paid more and more attention. Through the study of the influence of the old buildings near the new urban tunnel on the safety of the housing structure, the technical reference is provided for the design, construction, and operation of the new tunnel near the old buildings, to further ensure the safe construction and operation of the tunnel.