This paper focuses on the research of carbon emission governance in a city in southern Jiangsu under the goal of high-level new-type industrialization. With the increasingly severe global climate change, achieving green and low-carbon development has become the focus of attention of governments and academic circles around the world. As one of the regions with the highest industrialization level in China, southern Jiangsu has made remarkable achievements in economic development, but at the same time, it is facing enormous carbon emission pressure. Especially under the background of new-type industrialization, how to effectively control and reduce carbon emissions while maintaining high-quality economic development has become an important issue to be solved urgently in a city in southern Jiangsu. This paper first analyzes the current situation and characteristics of carbon emissions in a city in southern Jiangsu. Secondly, under the goal of high-level new-type industrialization, it conducts an in-depth study on carbon emission governance in the city, explores its governance experience and challenges in aspects such as policy and regulation guidance, industrial transformation and upgrading, construction of a green industrial system, digital intelligence R&D investment, and improvement of public environmental awareness, and puts forward operable policy suggestions and practical paths.