This paper focuses on the prevalent issue of quantity and weight discrepancies that arise during the split discharge process at two ports after the import of iron ore at Shanghai port. Through the analysis of historical data from over 100 batches of imported iron ore, this study systematically reveals the multiple complex factors that contribute to these discrepancies. These factors include the inherent physicochemical properties of the cargo, environmental and operational impacts during transportation, and potential commercial fraud. Based on a thorough examination of the causes, this paper proposes a systematic response strategy involving multiple dimensions such as the intelligent identification of quantity and weight, optimization of operational procedures, harmonization of international standards, improvement of trade contract terms, and strengthening of regulatory cooperation. The aim is to provide decision-making references for enterprises involved in bulk cargo trade to effectively avoid risks and protect economic interests, while also offering valuable theoretical support and practical suggestions for relevant regulatory authorities to improve the inspection and supervision system for bulk cargo.