Currently, a new round of technological revolution is shaping the new international pattern. Accelerating the development of new-quality productivity is the key to addressing the dilemmas faced by global development, promoting the transformation of productivity, accelerating scientific and technological innovation, advancing high-quality economic development, and driving an overall leap in China’s social productivity level. Generally speaking, the proposal of new-quality productivity further enriches and expands Marxist productivity theory; drives the innovation of economic development theories; demonstrates the global significance of Chinese discourse and Chinese theories; provides theoretical and practical guidance for promoting high-quality development; and offers driving support for forging new advantages in international competition. To accelerate the development of new-quality productivity, it is necessary to take scientific and technological innovation as the driver to provide a strong engine for high-quality development; take industrial innovation as the support to stimulate new kinetic energy for industrial carriers in high-quality development; take the innovation of development models as the starting point to highlight the characteristics of high-quality development; take the innovation of institutional mechanisms as the guide to provide institutional guarantees for high-quality development; and take the innovation of talent work mechanisms as the breakthrough to consolidate the talent foundation for high-quality development.