The production logic and distribution paradigms of the media industry are being reshaped by the deep integration of big data and artificial intelligence technologies, whilst the ‘blanket push’ model of communication is systematically evolving towards ‘precision targeting’. However, the essence of precision communication lies not merely in upgrading technical tools; rather, it involves the intelligent re-engineering of the entire value chain—from content production and channel distribution to user engagement and performance feedback—using data as a production factor and algorithms as the decision-making hub. Current practices in targeted communication within the media sector continue to face deep-seated contradictions, such as data silos fragmenting user profiles, algorithmic echo chambers eroding public value, over-reliance on technology weakening content creativity, and unclear privacy boundaries causing a crisis of trust. Consequently, this paper outlines a pathway to achieving precision communication across four dimensions: establishing a data foundation, adapting content production, coordinating distribution across all scenarios, and implementing closed-loop performance iteration. It also provides directions for optimization in terms of value realignment and ethical regulation, with the aim of promoting a balance between technological rationality and humanistic values to achieve high-quality development in precision communication within the media sector.