At present, university music education is facing the challenge of digital transformation and urgently needs to achieve upgrading and change at multiple levels by leveraging new technologies and new development concepts. Integrating virtual reality technology into the practical teaching process of music in colleges and universities is a new direction for exploring the construction of art courses and has certain value and significance. This paper, guided by national policies such as the “Opinions of the Ministry of Education and Other Nine Departments on Accelerating the Digitalization of Education”, the “14th Five-Year” digital economy development plan, and the “Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening and Improving Aesthetic Education in Schools in the New Era”, starts from the current situation of practical music teaching in colleges and universities, takes virtual reality technology as the core support, focuses on the construction and exploration of innovative paths for practical music teaching, and at the same time explores practical problems and reflection points in the application process of virtual reality technology, and proposes relative optimization strategies to further promote the practical teaching of music in colleges and universities to a new stage.