Vocational undergraduate education emphasizes the integration of "higher education nature" and "vocational nature", which puts forward an urgent requirement for the teaching of "Western Economics" to transform from theoretical teaching to applied competence cultivation. However, there are still significant problems in current teaching practice: in terms of teaching philosophy, the conflict between theory orientation and competence-based education leads to goal deviation; in terms of teaching content, classic theories are disconnected from both vocational positions and Chinese reality, with outdated cases and separation of learning and application; in terms of teaching methods, one-way indoctrination is dominant and practical links are weak, making it difficult to cultivate students' ability to solve practical economic problems. To this end, this study proposes systematic optimization strategies: reconstruct teaching objectives, focusing on economic thinking and application ability in vocational scenarios; reconstruct teaching content with modular, professional and localized design, closely connecting with industry needs and Chinese practice; innovate teaching processes and methods, fully implement project-based teaching and business simulation, and create an interactive classroom of "student-centered and task-driven", so as to realize the fundamental transformation of the course from "theoretical teaching" to "application empowerment" and support the training goal of high-quality technical and skilled talents.