Objective: To study the efficacy of biofeedback combined with occupational therapy in stroke patients, including upper arm function, hand function, and self-care ability. Methods: A total of 60 stroke patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study were divided into a treatment group and a control group, with 30 cases in each group, using a random number table method. The total course of treatment was 4 weeks, with 5 treatments per week. Both groups received routine rehabilitation treatment, while the treatment group was supplemented with biofeedback therapy on the basis of routine rehabilitation. Before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment, the Hemiplegic Hand Function Assessment Scale, Carroll Upper Extremity Function Assessment Scale, Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Brunnstrom Scale were used to evaluate patients’ hand function, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) ability, and motor function, respectively. Adverse events during treatment were observed. Results: After treatment, the Brunnstrom stages, Carroll upper extremity function scores, and Wolf upper extremity function scores of patients in both groups were significantly improved (p < 0.001), and the improvement effect in the treatment group was more significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Stroke patients receiving basic rehabilitation treatment combined with occupational therapy and biofeedback therapy can better improve their upper arm and hand functions. Meanwhile, the combination of biofeedback therapy and occupational therapy is superior to occupational therapy alone, enhancing the self-care ability of stroke patients.