Research on the Clinical Correlation Between the Detection of Irregular Antibodies in Red Blood Cell Blood Groups and Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Yanping Yang, Wei Li, Jiaqing Duan, Yifan Yu, Lili Yang, Ziyu Zhou

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¹ Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi, China,

JCNR 2025 , 9(12), 66–71; https://doi.org/10.26689/jcnr.v9i12.13415

© 2025 by the Authors. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

Abstract

Objective: To explore the clinical correlation between the detection of irregular antibodies in red blood cell blood groups and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Methods: This study selected newborns who underwent examinations and were diagnosed with hemolytic disease at our hospital from October 2024 to October 2025 as the research subjects. Based on the severity of their hemolytic disease, the infants were divided into a severe group and a mild group. All the infants underwent detection for irregular antibodies in their red blood cell blood groups. General information, blood types, and irregular antibody test results of the two groups were recorded. Univariate analysis was conducted, and variables with statistical significance from the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the clinical correlation between the detection of irregular antibodies in red blood cell blood groups and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Results: Through univariate analysis, it was found that IgG1 and IgG3 subclass antibodies, as well as ABO blood group incompatibility, were statistically significant (p < 0.05). When these factors were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis, it was discovered that IgG1 (OR = 2.461, 95% CI: 1.859–2.709), IgG3 (OR = 2.509, 95% CI: 1.918–2.893), and ABO blood group incompatibility (OR = 2.998, 95% CI: 2.149–3.493) all exhibited a positive correlation with hemolytic disease of the newborn. Conclusion: As levels of IgG1, IgG3, and ABO blood group incompatibility increase, the incidence of hemolytic disease of the newborn also rises, warranting clinical attention.

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