To accurately evaluate the ride comfort of metro cars, this paper collects and analyzes carbody vibration acceleration on an urban metro line using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) measurement technology. Through trend term removal and bandpass filtering preprocessing, effective vibration signals are extracted, and characteristic parameters such as the Sperling ride comfort index and dominant frequencies are calculated. Simultaneously, a SIMPACK vehicle dynamics model is established with American Level 5 track spectrum excitation. Simulation results are compared with measured data to validate model reliability, and the model is then used to provide simulation comparisons for ride comfort analysis. Results show that the vertical ride comfort indices at two measurement points are 1.939 and 1.956, and lateral indices are 2.015 and 2.045, all reaching the “Excellent” level. Relative errors of ride comfort indices between simulation and measurement range from 5.2% to 6.7%, indicating high model credibility. Frequency domain analysis shows that the vertical dominant frequency of the carbody is 1.50 Hz and the lateral dominant frequency is 1.75 Hz, with good consistency between measurement and simulation. This work provides an effective method for metro car ride comfort evaluation based on FBG measurements, and offers quantitative basis for parameter calibration of metro train dynamics models.