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Volume 10,Issue 4

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31 May 2026
Analysis of Clinicopathological Features of Dual- Phenotype Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Qingtao Shi ,  Huilei Qiu ,  Zhanshuo Chu
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1 Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China,
PAR 2026 , 10(3), 35–41; https://doi.org/10.26689/par.v10i3.14766
© 2026 by the Authors. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations, histopathological features, and differential diagnosis of dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Histopathological observation and immunohistochemical study were performed on 3 cases of dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma. Results: The tissues of 3 cases of dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma showed irregular, unevenly sized nests and trabeculae. One case was dominated by fibrous stroma with indistinct sinusoids, and 2 cases had obvious sinusoids. The cells were large, polygonal, with strong cell adhesion, relatively clear cell boundaries, and abundant and strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm. The cell nuclei exhibited significant pleomorphism and atypia, with thick nuclear membranes, coarse chromatin in clumps, obvious nucleoli, and visible mitoses. Conclusion: Dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma is a unique and highly aggressive subtype of primary liver cancer, which is relatively rare and often occurs in patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis, with abdominal pain as the main clinical symptom. It has the biological behaviors of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma, and the clinical prognosis is poor.

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