As a vital bridge for fostering mutual understanding among people, educational cooperation plays an irreplaceable role in serving national strategies and cultivating globally-oriented talents. While China has made positive strides in educational collaboration with Belt and Road countries, challenges persist, including inadequate coordination of cooperation mechanisms, insufficient innovation in cooperation models, and room for improvement in resource allocation and quality assurance systems. Building upon an analysis of the significance and practical challenges of educational cooperation, this paper proposes pathways for advancing model innovation through enhancing top-level design, innovating cooperation models, and optimizing resource allocation. These recommendations aim to provide insights for deepening educational collaboration between China and Belt and Road countries.