In the context of the “Double-high plan” promoting the high-quality development of vocational education, power-related higher vocational colleges urgently need to construct a student-centered strategy for stimulating students’ subjective initiative in learning, so as to solve problems such as insufficient learning motivation and weak self-learning ability among higher vocational students. This article proposes a four-dimensional collaborative stimulation system of “ideological and political education in courses as the guide-stratified teaching as the foundation-integration of industry and education as the driver-psychological empowerment as the support.” It reconstructs students’ professional value cognition through the organic integration of ideological and political elements and professional courses, activates learning motivation based on stratified teaching, strengthens practical drive relying on real-world projects from the integration of industry and education, and enhances self-efficacy by combining with a psychological intervention mechanism. Taking the professional course “Relay Protection Technology” as an example, this article designs the curriculum system, aiming to systematically improve students’ subjective initiative in learning, professional identity, skill mastery, and comprehensive qualities, providing theoretical references and practical paths for talent cultivation in power-related higher vocational colleges.