Principles and Applications of Ultrasonic Waves Based on Single-chip Microcontroller

© 2025 by the Authors. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

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Abstract

Ultrasonic ranging is a technology for measuring distance based on the characteristics of ultrasonic waves, which is widely used in fields such as robot obstacle avoidance, industrial inspection, and automotive parking sensors. This paper aims to design an intelligent vehicle experiment based on ultrasonic ranging. The ultrasonic module is used to achieve ranging, enabling the intelligent vehicle to perform obstacle avoidance functions. By analyzing the voltage regulation function of the power supply module and the principle of the DC motor drive module, the voltage regulation and drive modules are designed. The single-chip microcontroller is meticulously designed to receive information from the Wi-Fi module and output corresponding control signals to generate PWM waveforms, thereby controlling the rotation and speed of the motor.

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