Under the digital transformation of education, smart classrooms have provided crucial support for the renewal of physics teaching models in junior high schools. Based on relevant educational policies and the actual situation of junior high school physics teaching, this paper explores the innovative practice of physics teaching models in the smart classroom environment, analyzes the main problems existing in the practice, puts forward corresponding innovative paths, and supplements them with specific course cases. The research aims to break through the limitations of traditional teaching, deeply integrate smart technology with junior high school physics teaching, help teachers improve teaching methods, enhance teaching accuracy, implement the cultivation goal of core literacy, and provide practical references for the high-quality development of junior high school physics teaching.