The evaluation system for university teachers is an important component of ensuring the quality of university education. This paper proposes a construction plan for the evaluation mechanism for university teachers based on the guidance of “cultivating virtue and educating people.” This plan takes moral education and academic research as the core evaluation criteria and establishes a comprehensive, scientific, fair, and effective teacher evaluation indicator system, including two major categories of moral education and academic research, covering aspects such as teaching, scientific research, and social services. At the same time, this paper introduces the practical application of this evaluation mechanism and analyzes its evaluation effect. Practice has shown that the evaluation mechanism for university teachers guided by the principle of “cultivating virtue and educating people” has a positive promoting effect on improving the moral education and academic level of teachers and promoting the improvement of the quality of university education.