Traditional Chinese exercise therapy is not only a rehabilitation treatment method but also an excellent heritage of traditional Chinese culture. It has the same root and origin as traditional Chinese medicine. It is an important part of Chinese culture and an important content of the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. The purpose of this study is to truly reflect the problems existing in the teaching of traditional exercise therapy in traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities and to provide a reference plan for the teaching reform of traditional exercise therapy for young students. The core issue of this study is how to teach traditional exercise therapy in depth and value among students in Chinese medicine colleges and universities. This study collected and investigated the teaching research of traditional exercise therapy in Chinese medicine colleges and universities, presented its teaching status, and summarized its experience, difficulties, and influencing factors. According to the research, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the teaching of traditional exercise therapy in TCM colleges and universities, including the education of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Strengthen the function of traditional Chinese medicine and sports therapy to cure disease and keep healthy, and strengthen the needs of students according to social needs, such as competition and working environment.