With the deepening of digital transformation, higher education has undergone profound changes in teaching models and content delivery. This paper explores how digital transformation can empower the implementation of university ideological and political courses, aiming to enhance teaching effectiveness and student engagement through the application of digital technologies. First, it analyzes the concept of digital transformation and its impact on education, examines the current status and challenges of ideological and political courses in universities, and argues for the necessity of digital empowerment. Next, from multiple perspectives, including the construction of digital platforms, the design of teaching content, the enhancement of teacher competencies, the innovation of student interaction mechanisms, and assessment and feedback systems, it systematically elaborates the application pathways of digital transformation in these courses. Drawing on practical case studies from domestic universities, the paper discusses actual effects and issues encountered. Finally, it proposes measures to strengthen policy support, teacher training, and university–industry cooperation during implementation, and suggests directions for future research. This study aims to provide both theoretical support and practical guidance for the innovation and development of university ideological and political courses.